What is ChatGPT-User?
ChatGPT-User is OpenAI's user-triggered fetcher. A user-triggered fetcher runs when a person asks an AI product to open a page, not on a schedule.
| Operator | OpenAI |
|---|---|
| Purpose (operator wording) | user-triggered fetch |
| robots.txt token | ChatGPT-User |
| User agent string | Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/bot |
| Respects robots.txt | No (operator: robots.txt rules may not apply) |
| IP ranges | https://openai.com/chatgpt-user.json |
| Last verified |
What else should I know about ChatGPT-User?
What is the ChatGPT-User user agent string?
This is the user agent string OpenAI documents for ChatGPT-User, as of October 29, 2026. Version numbers and details can change, so match on the token in robots.txt, not on the whole string.
Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko); compatible; ChatGPT-User/1.0; +https://openai.com/botHow do I block ChatGPT-User in robots.txt?
Add this group to the robots.txt file at the root of your site. It asks ChatGPT-User to stay out of every page. OpenAI says the crawler may not follow robots.txt, so this may not stop it.
User-agent: ChatGPT-User
Disallow: /To allow it explicitly, for example while a broader rule blocks other bots:
User-agent: ChatGPT-User
Allow: /How do I opt out of OpenAI training but stay in its search?
Each OpenAI user agent has its own token, so you can set them one by one. This file blocks GPTBot and allows OAI-SearchBot, ChatGPT-User. Every line comes from the rows in this dataset. Whether allowing a bot keeps you in a product is OpenAI's call, so check each crawler's page. OpenAI says ChatGPT-User may not follow robots.txt.
User-agent: GPTBot
Disallow: /
User-agent: OAI-SearchBot
Allow: /
User-agent: ChatGPT-User
Allow: /Does blocking ChatGPT-User affect AI answers?
OpenAI: 'ChatGPT-User is not used to determine whether content may appear in Search.' Effect on other ChatGPT answers: not stated.
Each other OpenAI user agent has its own robots.txt token, so a rule for ChatGPT-User does not cover them. See the related crawlers below.
Does ChatGPT-User follow robots.txt?
No. Operator: robots.txt rules may not apply. OpenAI docs: 'Because these actions are initiated by a user, robots.txt rules may not apply.'
Robots.txt is a request, not a lock (RFC 9309).
What IP addresses does ChatGPT-User use?
OpenAI publishes a list at https://openai.com/chatgpt-user.json. We did not download or parse it. A request that claims to be ChatGPT-User but comes from outside that list is not ChatGPT-User.
Which other OpenAI crawlers are there?
What should I read next?
Next: give AI tools something to quote
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